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Transcript: Translations and Interpretations of Metaphysical Ideas "Whose minds are well-developed in the factors of self-awakening, who delight in non-clinging, relinquishing grasping- resplendent, their effluents ended: they, in the world, are Unbound." Death of the prophet June 8th 632 Translation Example Works Cited Latin quickly became the official language of the Church and all sacred proceedings were in Latin, although few peasants understood it. History of the Bible Sunni and Shia conflict arises Chapter 24: Craving Verse 334 Giving up on learning about Buddhism It covers the ethics of trade to marriage divorce, parenting, gender issues and inheritance John 8: 34 Bhikkhu, Ṭhānissaro. Dhammapada: A Translation. United States: Publisher Not Identified, 2012. Buddhanet. Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. Web. 10 May 2017. Collins English Dictionary 2012 "Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul; but rather be afraid of Him who can destroy both soul and body in hell" Guide us in the straight path Pretending you understand Buddhism "Buddha, The." Encyclopedia of World Biography, Gale, 1998. Biography in Context. Accessed 1 May 2017. Henry, a Chinese American, is explaining some complex points of Buddhism to Phil, an American, but he can't get the point across in English in a way that would allow Phil to understand it the same way he does in Mandarin. Phil thinks he understands it but Henry insists that it's not the same. Devils diver men from the [right] way while they think they are rightly guided What is more valuable in a translation: preserving word-for-word meaning or preserving the meaning implied in the original language Chapter 6: The Wise or The Wise Man Verse 89 Al-Zukhruf 43:33 "The craving of one given to heedless living grows like a creeper. Like the monkey seeking fruits in the forest, he leaps from life to life (tasting the fruit of his kamma)." Buddhism originated in a time in which traditional religious ideas were being questioned, during the 6th century B.C.E. Gautama's father surrounded him with a palace of luxuries to distract him from his preoccupation with spiritual problems such as suffering and death, but he denounced it to search for answers. Since then, hundreds of different bible versions have been created for different languages, sects of Christianity, and interpretations. The New American Bible: Translated from the Original Languages with Critical Use of All the Ancient Sources: With the Revised Book of Psalms and the Revised New Testament. South Bend, IN: Greenlawn, 1986. Print. We will be talking about Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam and how the translations of their holy books could alter how they are interpreted. Matthew 26: 28 Introduction We will be talking about religious texts and their interpretations. We may say something that offends you or interprets your religion differently than you do. We apologize in advance, as our intention is only to inform and we don't want to offend anyone or their religions. The Qur'an is the final testament in a series of divine revelations from God "When a person lives heedlessly, his craving grows like a creeping vine. He runs now here and now there, as if looking for fruit: a monkey in the forest". Message of the Qur'an New American Revised Standard Edition Bible 1976, thought-for-thought translation: Gautama experimented with many teachings for 7 years, but found none of them adequate. New American Revised Standard Edition Bible 1976, thought-for-thought translation: Translation example Version 1: Translated by Thanissaro Bhikkhu Christians believe that Jesus died to forgive humanity's sins and rose from the dead. Translation Example How does language affect our understanding of the metaphysical? RLS Is it possible to give a completely accurate translation of a holy text? The Old Testament was taken from the Torah and the New was written by the close followers of Jesus and his teachings. Version 1: Translated by Thanissaro Bhikkhu He went on to create a belief system centered around the Four Noble Truths. Basics of Christianity Dhammapada- A collection of quotes from the Buddha Amplified Bible, 2015, word-for-word translation: Doing intense research and learning Sanskrit to understand Buddhism Version 2: Translated by Acharya Buddharakkhita Ford, E.H. "The Book: a History of the Bible." Christianity and Literature, vol. 52, no. 2, 2003, p. 251+. Academic OneFile Four Noble Truths Transcends differences in race,color ethnicity and nationality Buddharakkhita, Acarya. The Dhammapada. London (58 Eccleston Sq., SW1V1PH): Buddhist Society, 1983. Buddhanet. Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. Web. 10 May 2017. "Jesus answered them, "Amen, Amen, I say to you, everyone who commits sin is a slave of sin." "Amen, I say to you, whoever says to this mountain, 'Be lifted up and thrown into the sea,' and does not doubt in his heart but believes that what he says will happen, it shall be done for him" Buddhism After all

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Transcript: Disclaimer: The themes represented in this presentation are not meant to reflect the views of a single religion or the beliefs of any of the group members. The fact that the majority of the examples pertain to Christianity is due only to the fact that the contributers' prior knowledge of the Christian faith was greater than that of any of the other religions. Thank you for your understanding. Is faith purely emotional? Faith-complete belief in something Religion-faith in something beyond humans. i.e. God, Buddha, Whatever Daoists believe in. Not purely All reason stems from emotion. We base our faith on prior knowledge, but in the case of blind faith? Heaven and Hell?/Paradise and Jannaham? Is it possible to provide a rational justification for religious belief? "Nature is irrational"-Gregory A. Boyd Shooting Stars, E=mc^2, spoons can't be bent with your mind. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzm8kTIj_0M There are few absolute truths. Is emotion a source of spiritual knowledge? Spiritual Knowledge is knowledge of your intangible self/soul. It doesn't necessarily pertain to a god/god figure. Emotion adds depth to our knowledge. Jesus on the cross Buddha under the tree We use emotion as a guide to understanding. Primary Contributors: Carig Sanders Joe Drennan Stephen Turner Andrew LeVon Bibliography rosemaryandgrace.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Sept. 2011. <http://rosemaryandgrace.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/hell.gif>. www.illusionsgallery.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Sept. 2011. <http://www.illusionsgallery.com/soul-heaven-L.jpg>. www.c00lstuff.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Aug. 2011. <http://www.c00lstuff.com/ 1133/Do_s_and_don_ts_with_babies/>. "Neutrino Moves Faster Than Speed of Light." scienceray.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Oct. 2011. <http://scienceray.com/physics/ neutrino-moves-faster-than-speed-of-light/>. LaRocco, Chris, and Blair Rothstein. "The Big Bang." www.umich.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Oct. 2011. <http://www.umich.edu/~gs265/bigbang.htm>. ... and the brilliant young minds of your beloved contributers Questions/Preguntas/Fragen???

TOK Presentation

Transcript: TOK PRESENTATION To what extent is it ethical that authorities limit people's decisions? Rights: the act or process of deciding; determination, as of a question or doubt, by making a judgment To what extent the seek for a better life limits the freedom of an individual? Since the final outcome is unknown, is it ethical to force a child into a new culture that is different from his native culture? Pros Other Knowledge Issue Questions Foreign people that cant have children are given an opportunity to fulfilling their dreams. The families of the adopted children will have more freedom since they don't need to take care of the child Children with limited resources will now have a better economic situation. Children will have a better enviroment to live and study. More children available. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1z0HJbM3v9Q Ethics: Famous People: Poor people that have an opportunity in the film industry but then are no longer taken into account. Abortions Adoptions TOK world A statement presented in justification or explanation of a belief or action. The mental powers concerned with forming conclusions, judgments, or inferences. To what extent is it justifiable to deprive an individual from growing and living in his birth place? Decision: Real Life Situation To what extent is it ethical that authorities limit people's decisions? That which is due to anyone by just claim, legal guarantees, moral principles, etc http://edition.cnn.com/2012/05/29/world/africa/africa-child-adoption/index.html?hpt=wo_t3 Real World A system of moral principles: the ethics of a culture. The rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of human actions or a particular group, culture, etc.: medical ethics; Christian ethics. Moral principles, as of an individual: His ethics forbade betrayal of a confidence. Conclusion Persons having the legal power to make and enforce the law; government. A power or right delegated or given. Parents are selling their children in order to earn money. Children abducted and then trafficked. Sale of children Emotional Baggage The mother probably may have poor prenatal care Other Real Life Situations http://articles.cnn.com/2012-03-14/americas/world_americas_argentina-abortions_1_decriminalize-abortions-argentine-court-argentina-s-supreme-court?_s=PM:AMERICAS Pros and Cons Authorities: Abortions: Argentine court allows abortions in rape cases Diego Rodríguez The African Child Policy Forum discourages foreign people to adopt children from African countries. Children's Rights advocates are meeting this week to discuss adoptions. United States and France are the countries that receive more children from the African continent. The majority of the children are from Ethiopia, South Africa and Liberia. To what extent the seek for a better life limits the freedom of an individual? Adoptions are beneficial for both the one receiving the children and for the children if it is done in the right way. Adoption can be a thread for the children since some of the receivers want them for their illegal businesses. Adoptions: an emerging issue There is an emerging problem of children pornography Child prostitution Child Slavery Adaptation of the kid in their new home. To what extent the seek for a better life limits the freedom of an individual? Since the final development of the children is unknown, is it ethical to force a child into a new culture that is different from his native culture? (cc) image by anemoneprojectors on Flickr African Child Adoptions Knowledge Issue Question Reason: Cons Famous people Important terms

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Transcript: Real life situation: My friend saw 2 perfumes that to her smelt the exact same, but she chose to buy the Gucci one instead of the drugstore one Basic economic Assumption: Each individual seeks to maximise their own utility knowledge issue: How far should reason and logic play in predicting our economic behavior? Economics Origin: Greek word οκονομία "management of a household, administration" from οκος "house" + νόμος "custom" or "law" hence "rules of the house(hold)" 1. Can we know our behavior? Can it even be measured 2. How do we as individuals know our behavior and be more aware of ourselves? 3. To what extent should reason and logic play in predicting economic behavior? Should we base our behavior on reason and logic or are there other aspects that influences our behavior even though it goes against our perception of reason and logic? Example: $1 for a magazine and $5 for a magazine feel-do-think No To what extent should reason and logic then in predicting economic behavior? Nature vs Nurture Different from natural sciences Cannot study social data in numerical form 1. Different between the Cognitive brain and emotional brain 2. cognitive brain is not as predictive (are you going to buy it?) as your emotional system 3. emotional damage bad for decision making with perfect recall for what you see etc. you need the emotional feeling to compel you to buy 4. cross culture because you dont ask questions, you measure bodily response -dial test -EEG research -Interscope assumption that we pay attention to relationships halo effect Problems? - human incentives eg a survey about the kind of magazines you read - normative -May not be a neutral survey, may persuade people to react in a certain way with loaded language eg. abortion unavoidable interaction between subject and scientist limits to our senses? Prisoners dilema Scientific methods Value based- normative/positive My experience 18 century america aversion of wealth Game theory: Statistics Can human behavior be measured/predicted? Although reason can be linked to emotion, we cannot be sure it definitely causes it but it is still an important way of knowing So what? What does this matter to me/the world placebos Social issues cannot be studied like sciences as you cant control variables or repeat experiments Humans are part of nature too thus if natural science Considering these ways of knowing, we can perhaps understand our behavior better thus prevent being tricked by advertisements and make more informed choices in the future assumption Sense Perception-advertising CCTV cameras different cultural/academic perspectives and considers implications in other areas of knowledge/real life situation Will it be the same outcome in psycology? eg. eye tracker to measure attentions, pupil dilation to see cognitive and emotive processing and heart beat/skin detector eg. when you hear about bad thing, your heart beat goes down and vice versa Observation - economists -psycologists Authority Thus, this shows us that people may react in a way that does not reflect "rational behaviour" as termed by the human sciences link to other real life situations 1812/1813 wealthy Prussians highest status jewelry was made of iron - symbolic value Reason and logic product reviews Problems? - Hawthorne effect creating social pressures rebranding the potato- Prussia Surveys think-do-feel lizard brain No constants thus cannot generate laws through history All value is relative All humans are unique individuals correlation does not equal causation correlation does not prove cause Example: strategic placing of sweets/unhealthy foods Thus we should continue to use reason/logic, but be more open to the importance of other ways of knowing and change it if good experimenting shows that others eg. emotion is more important Ways of knowing How do we know what influences our behavior thus be more aware of ourselves (actions)? If the human brain is simple enough to understand, we would be too simple to understand it- Emerson pugh eg. education level vs income value based intuition Emotions changing people's behavior Demand and supply curve what affects human behavior Advertisement Yes surveys We can invent experiments to reduce the problems eg. stroop technique and experiments from developmental psychology to show what a baby understands neuromarketing reason-8% of your actions feel a sense of envy, disgust etc. focus groups self-fulfilling But new research (neuromarketing) have suggested that our emotional brain has a bigger impact on our behavior than our cognitive brain (reason) We are the thing doing the studying value based

TOK Presentation

Transcript: Real Life Situation: Remains a mystery for the most part. Noted increased level of dopamine and epinephrine in the brain. 1. Reliability Of Data Premise A: The contidition of this group of people generally improved. Premise B: This group of people were given a placebo. Therefore: Placebo's improved their condition Thank You Relatives who swear by "unusual" medication. Visiting A doctor- How do we know that the prescribed medication will help us? Drawing a conclusion 3. How do we objectively judge well-being? How do they work? A complete trust or condifence in someone or something. Not necessarily religious faith Process of gathering data In a clinical trial aimed as assessing the effectiveness of a new anti-depression drug, the condition of the placebo group improved almost as much as the group given the proper medication. Both groups were significantly higher than a group that had neither the placebo nor the trial drug. How this affects me personally The Placebo Effect Faith Faith In Terms Of TOK A drug trial testing Levodopa (a drug said to reduce the effect of Parkinson’s disease) showed that consciously receiving a placebo was more effective than secretly being administered the real drug. other real life situations To What Extent Does Faith Play A Physiological Role In Modern Medicine? Real Life Situation 2 Real Life Situation 3 Can we survive on only placebos? It is categorised as "nature of knowing". It transcends the ways of knowing and areas of knowledge as it acts as a basis for individual judgement No A stimulated or otherwise medically ineffectual treatment for a disease or other medical condition intended to deceive the patient. They are often used in clinical trials where there are no benchmarks to assess whether or not a new drug is effective Interpreting Data Placebos 2. Ethics

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