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middle ages

Transcript: Middle Ages sources: 1.Inventions in the Middle Ages. (n.d.). Middle Ages. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/inventions-in-the-middle-ages.htm 2.Ross, C. (n.d.). China - Gunpowder. Welcome to Four Rivers Charter Public School. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://fourriverscharter.org/projects/Inventions 3.Middle Ages History. (n.d.). Middle Ages. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/middle-ages-history.htm 4.Black Death. (n.d.). Middle Ages. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/black-death.htm 5.How did the eyeglasses made an impact on our society ever since it was invented? - Yahoo! Answers. (n.d.). Yahoo! Answers - Home. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=1006060126563 6.Glasses - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasses 7.Review of Clocks and Culture. (n.d.). Technology and Society Book Reviews index page. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://www.techsoc.com/clocks.htm 8.Four Inventions of Ancient China: Paper Making, Gunpowder, Printing, Compass. (n.d.). China Travel Agency with 24/7 Tour Service - TravelChinaGuide. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/focus/inventions 9.How did the invention of paper impact the economy. (n.d.). The Q&A wiki. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_did_the_invent 10.How did the invention of paper effect society. (n.d.). The Q&A wiki. Retrieved October 11, 2012, from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_did_the_i 11.Research The Use of Hindu-Arabic Numerals Aids Mathematicians and Stimulates Commerce | BookRags.com. (n.d.). BookRags.com | Homework Help, Book Summaries, Study Guides, Essays, Lesson Plans, & Educational Resources. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://www.bookrags.com/research/the-use-of-hindu-arabic-numerals-ai-scit-02123/ 12.The Printing Press. (n.d.). The History Guide -- Main. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/press.html 13.How did the compass impact history? How is it used today? - Yahoo! Answers. (n.d.). Yahoo! Answers - Home. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091121075540AAeWHiA Research The Use of Hindu-Arabic Numerals Aids Mathematicians and Stimulates Commerce | BookRags.com. (n.d.). BookRags.com | Homework Help, Book Summaries, Study Guides, Essays, Lesson Plans, & Educational Resources. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://www.bookrags.com/research/the-use-of-hindu-arabic-numerals-ai-scit-02123/ 14.James, V. (n.d.). The Impact of the Astrolabe | eHow.com. eHow | How to Videos, Articles & More - Discover the expert in you. | eHow.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://www.ehow.com/info_8789654_impact-astrolabe.html sources (continued...) 15.Bose, D. (n.d.). Inventions of the Industrial Revolution. Buzzle. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/inventions-of-the-industrial-revolution.html 16.Miller, A. (n.d.). Economic Effects of Windmills | eHow.com. eHow | How to Videos, Articles & More - Discover the expert in you. | eHow.com. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://www.ehow.com/list_6861085_economic-effects-windmills.html 17.Why do horses need to wear horseshoes. (n.d.). The Q&A wiki. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Why_do_horses_need 18.Wyley , S. F. (n.d.). Siege Warefare, The Art of Attack and Defence. Angelfire: Welcome to Angelfire. Retrieved October 12, 2012, from http://www.angelfire.com/wy/svenskildbi 19.Bellis, M. (n.d.). The History of Eye Glasses or Spectacles - Contact Lenses. Inventors. Retrieved October 15, 2012, from http://inventors.about.com/od/gstartinvent 20.Who Invented The Clock ?. (n.d.). TimeKeepingSite History. Retrieved October 15, 2012, from http://www.timekeepingsite.org/clock_invent.html 21.paper inventor . (n.d.). Secrets of the World - Children Encyclopedia . Retrieved October 15, 2012, from http://www.worldstory.net/en/paper.html 22.blos. (n.d.). Hindu–Arabic numeral system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 15, 2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Arabic_numeral_system 23.Bellis, M. (n.d.). Johannes Gutenberg - Printing Press. Inventors. Retrieved October 16, 2012, from http://inventors.about.com/od/gstartinventors 24.Bellis, M. (n.d.). History of the Compass. Inventors. Retrieved October 16, 2012, from http://inventors.about.com/od/cstartinventions/a 25.Astrolabe. (n.d.). Universe Today — Space and astronomy news. Retrieved October 16, 2012, from http://www.universetoday.com/41624/astrolabe 26.century, t. s., Buckminster, T., Dade, J., century, G. F., bestsellers, E. a., 400., et al. (n.d.). Almanac - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 16, 2012, from

middle ages

Transcript: Middle ages Photo based on: 'horizon' by pierreyves @ flickr What was a monk? The word monk comes from Greek roots and means a person who practices religious asceticism, living either alone or with any number of other monks, while always maintaining some degree of physical separation from those not sharing the same purpose. The concept is ancient and can be seen in many religions and in philosophy. That is what a monk is. Who were serfs? Serfs were just peasants there is not much to say about them. Serfs were not slaves, serfs got a little bit of the food they planted. Serfs were tied to the land they lived on. Serfs as I said before were just peasants but, they were not slaves. Who was Saint Patrick? Saint Patrick was about 16; he was captured by Irish raiders and taken as a slave to Ireland, where he lived for six years before escaping and returning to his family. After entering a church Patrick returned to Ireland as an ordained bishop in the N, W of the island. Saint Patrick’s Day is on March 17 the day he died. What was a Manor? Manors were sort of like a castle but much smaller. The manor would have belonged to the lord. The manor was the lord’s castle home and served for other purposes. The manor probably held the people during war with other lords land. The manors could be big and I am not joking. Explain feudalism Feudalism was like a pyramid. At the top was royalty, royalty consisted of kings, queens, princesses, and princes. Just below that were lords, lords owned some of a part of land and gave it away to knights in return for crops and protection. Below lords were knights, knights were given a patch of land in exchange for protection to the lord and food for the lord. Then at the very bottom sat serfs, serfs were just peasants. Explain what the middle ages were. Centuries of Roman rule in Western Europe came crashing down. In 476 A.D. the Emperor was driven from his throne by barbaric enemies. There starts’ the early middle ages. Many terms have been used for that particular time period Dark ages, Middle Ages, Medieval Ages All these terms. The middle ages was a time for war, castles, jousting, jokers, Kings, Queens, princes, princesses and so much more. Who was Charlemagne? Charlemagne was a great emperor of the middle ages he tried to bring Rome back from its fall. He also brought back classical learning. Charlemagne was a great leader. He was a great leader in battle too. He did not have much education himself but he opened many schools. Charlemagne as I stated before was a great leader who brought back classical learning even though he did not have schooling himself he opened many schools. Kings and queens Kings and queens were royalty. They had fine clothes and lovely feasts. They lived in a castle as sturdy as steel. They gave their lords land they gave orders too. They had so much fun. Until war came. During war time the king had to stay in his fortress. There in the tower (his bedroom) he could do his work by the fire the queen, she had other business to attend to. What years in history did it cover? The middle ages occurred about 1000 A.D to about 1500A.D. Scientists have recorded records of their writing and they have found out about their trends and styles of writing. The middle ages occurred also after the fall of Rome. What were knights? Knights were people who fought on horseback and had a lot of money so they could train on horseback. Knights in Europe were called the most elite soldiers. Knights fought in wars and killed many people. Knights were well respected and were depended on for protection

Middle Ages

Transcript: Textiles were among the most important goods manufactured in the Muslim World. Produced iron goods typically weapons, horseshoes, and tools. Arab scholars began to create detailed world maps in the seventh century CE. -List Maps -Zonae Maps -Nondiagrammatic Maps -Map Illustration -Portolan Charts Ancient astronomers used serveral branches of mathematics to study the stars, make astrological predictions, and fix the calender. The homeland of the Maya included tropical rain forests in the South and volcanic highlands Christians in Europe viewed all apects of human life as being in the hands of God, and so the first response to illness was prayer. In the upper strata of all medieval societies, those who held the reins of power were disproportionately men. The Merovingian kings ruled over much of Gaul and parts of Germany from about 481-715 C.E. A Military Order was an organized group of knights who had taken monastic vows of chasity, poverty, and obedience and promised to defend Christians- by force if necessary. Copper was mined in parts of Britain, Spain, Germany, and Africa. Modern scientific expalinations for causes of such phenomena as diseases and natural disasters were not available to people in the Middle Ages. (Asia & Africa) Chinese emperors were regarded as "sons of heaven." Both the Greeks and Romans used coins, but after the fall of the Roman empire, the monetary system in western Europe declined. Origins and Aims: During the twelfth century the Mongols lived as a nomadic tribal group ont he steppe lands of the present day, Republic of Mongolia Contains no furniture, pictures, or statues. It could be said that Muhammad had a mystical experience that led to the establishment of Islam. All over the medieval world kings, queens, and employers kept court musicians to accompany banquets, ceremonies, and dances. Is a tradition based on the belief that the pursuit of an individual relationship with God is a key part of religious life. The population of Nan Madol was probably between five hundred and one thousand people. The site was divided into tow areas: Madol powe, in the northeast, housed royal tombs and the homes of priests and Madol pah, in the southeast columns were probably transported by raft to the site and then stacked like logs to form outer walls. THE END Manufacturing in China Used hieroglyphs Merovingians Mosques Miracles Had always been a part of Christianity. Silk was extremely popular to manufacture in China. Music Among the peasantry men worked in the fields alongside women. Inscribed stone columns and slabs record the names of kings and the dates of wars Arab Mapmakers collected and copied the maps of Ancient Greeks. The direction in which muslims face when they pray is known as qublah. Mysticism Arab Mapmakers Since hospitals in the modern sense did not exist in Ancient Greece and Rome, the care of the sick some ways represented real advance. Types of Maps: Economics of Marriage: in most places miarriage was a financial arrangement as well as a social bond. Money Typically, each stage was carried out by a laborer who specialized in the particular skill that was required. Mongols Music Sufism arose in the 600's as a reaction against the material comfort of the Umayyad's, the first great dynasty to rule the empire (661-750) following Muhammad's death. Military Orders Hence, an agreement to marry was often made in front of witnesses. Technological advances improved manufacturing. Manufacturing Exploring the Middle Agles Mining The Mayans worshiped around 150 gods. Silver and Lead came from Spain and parts of Germany. Mathematics Many mosques have a domed roof. Marriage Manufacturing in Muslim World Ironworking tools were too heavy to carry from village to village, there was a blacksmith in every village. Types of Music: -notating music -sac red music -complex sound Muhammad By: Gianna Leffew & Riley Stovall Miracles were a popular subject of art and literature in many cultures. Nan Madol Religion, Language & Writing of Maya Instruments: -percussion -lyre -harp -vielle(fiddle) -flute -recorder -shawm -pipe organ Mayan buildings were constructed on platforms connected by broad avenues. Coins were made out of gold, silver, and copper. Maya Barter consists of exhanging one object for another. Men In Ancient Rome, the emperopr had been seen as quasi-divine. As the value of gold rose and fell, so did the exchange rate between the two currencies varried Parents or official matchmakers frequently arranged marriages. During the Middle Ages, manufactured products were made in several stages. They are a muslim place of worship structure. Cloth workers made everyday products as well as special cloths used for official & religious purposes. Music was a regular part of university study, along with arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy. Nan Madol Blacksmiths Monarchs Medicine and Healing

Middle Ages

Transcript: Political system of the Middle Ages. Exchange of land for military services. Three primary components; lords, vassals, and fiefs. Lords: owned the land Vassals: borrowed land from the lords Feifs: land Wife Mother Peasant Artisan Nun Abbess Queen regnant A person granted the honor of knighthood Provides military services to the monarchy and country. Associated with the code of chivalry Symbolic in literature as romance A moral, religious, and socail code of knightly conduct. Idealization of life and the manners of the knights while there at home. There are three basic literary areas: Duties to countrymen and fellow Christians Duties to God Duties to Women Series of conflicts between England and France England tried defeating France and their many allies for the French throne after the King had died. Four phases of the war: Edwardian War Caroline War Lancastrian War Several other small wars in between. French victory Time of military evolution Ended the "Age of Chivalry" Also known as the black plague Caused by the pathogen Yersinia Pestis bacterium. Believed to originate in China; traveled by silk road on fleas. The fleas would infect rats and they carried the disease. Killed 30-60% of Europes population Most common syptom was the appearance of buboes (swollen lymph nodes) filled with pus. Father of English Literature Greatest Englsih poet of the Middle Ages Worked throughout his lifetime as an author, philosopher, alchemist, and astronomer. Best known for his works "The Canterbury Tales". These tales helped shape English literature Wrote in continental accentual-syllabic meter. Invented the rhyme royal, and was the first English poet to use the five-stres line. Considered the source of the English veracular tradition. A collection of stories, mostly written in verse, that tell the story of a group of pilgrams as they travel together. Written by Geoffrey Chaucer Some question as to if the poems are finished This collection of stories is built around a frame narrative; a common and already established genre of its period. Reflects diverse views of the Church in Chaucer's England. Knights Black Death The Canterbury Tales 100 Years War Chivalry Women Feudalism Geoffrey Chauncer

Middle Ages

Transcript: In the Middle Ages when you wanted to attack an enemy castle, what did you do to win? You brought out the siege weapons! Some of the most famous siege weapons were the ballista, mangonel, battering ram, siege tower and trebuchet. The Mangonel The Ballista The Battering Ram The battering ram was constructed from a huge tree trunk. A metal head was then added and this was supported by metal bands. The body of the battering ram could either be supported by soldiers or it could be hung off a wooden frame. The Trebuchet The Trebuchet was a quite similar to a mangonel but the trebuchet was more powerful. One of the main differences was that the mangonel's power was in the tension of the ropes and the trebuchet's power came from gravity. It was a type of catapault. The designers of this machine worked very hard to ensure that the trebuchet would have the greatest effect. It threw heavy stones at city walls and castles and it had the power to smash castles to rubble. Siege tower The Siege Tower was a wooden tower with wheels that was at least as high as the walls of the enemy's fortification. When it was close enough to the castle, archers from the attacking army could climb the tower and shoot the enemy soldiers who were defending the castle. Siege Towers often housed pikemen, crossbowmen and swords men. A platform would be installed over the enemy's moat allowing the tower to come close to the wall. When the siege tower was positioned next to he wall, soldiers would drop the gangplank (red) and come running out to invade the castle. Sword The Sword was a light versatile weapon, made up of a pommel, grip, cross guard and blade. The blade was straight and thin (for weight control). Types of swords included: Broad Sword 7cm wide at base about 1m long Flachion Sword slightly curved single edged blade about 1m long Greatsword held with 2 hands up to 1.8m long Longsword 1.2m long held with 1 or 2 hands Scimitar often used from horseback curved blade and sharp point Bow The Bow was essentially a piece of string tightened between the ends of a springy piece of wood. When the string was pulled back, the bow (wood) would bend, storing the tension. When the string was released, the bow would bounce back to its original angle, pulling the string with it and pushing the arrow. The bow string was made of intestine, sinew or hair. In the early Medieval period, bowmen were said to be the lowest of all fighting men. It wasn't until the short bow was upgraded to the long bow that bowmen were highly regarded for their impact in war. Types of bow included: Short Bow (first examples 6400 yo) basic bow, little skill required. Crossbow (used 500 BC in Greece, 1066 Battle of Hastings - England) shot short bolts, not arrows Long bow (featured in Battle of Crecy - 1346 -> ) similar design to Short Bow. Longer bow: fast and accurate, little skill required, easily produced Battle Axe Battle axes had wooden handles and a metal blade. Some had two blades and some had a spike on the back of the shaft. They were used two handed or one handed, depending on their weight and size. When metal armour was introduced they became very important because they were able to injure someone through armour. People were trained using a warhammer, allowing them to focus on power and accuracy. Shorter axes were sometimes thrown at enemy soldiers. Mace The Medieval Mace was one of the earliest weapons used in the Medieval Period. It could be built easily and without much skill. The earliest maces had weights tied to the ends of them. Further into the medieval period, maces had a blade or a spike ball which was sometimes on the end of a chain. Because of the weight at the end of the shaft they were able to strike with more force than a sword, and the spikes were able to pierce armour. War Hammer Medieval War Hammers had a very similar design to the mace. They were first used about 100 years earlier than the mace. War Hammers were basically a really big hammer. They often had a sharp spike on one side and a flat club on the other side. They could be made and used with very little experience and were very economical. Hand held weapons Bibliography -. (-). Mangonneau. Available: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Mangonneau.png. Last accessed 23rd Feb 2012. RNU Press. (-). Medieval Weapons. Available: http://www.rnupress.com/medieval-weapons.html. Last accessed 21st Feb 2012. http://www.thearma.org/images/S2000/New_Folder/p9160037.jpg ?. (-). Medieval Swords. Available: http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/medieval-swords.htm. Last accessed 22/02/2012. http://www.ucc.gu.uwa.edu.au/~warlock/MCRWA/Combat/Shields_Weapons/Longsword1.jpg (?). (-). Siege Weapons. Available: http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/siege-weapons.htm. Last accessed 23/02/12. ? (Wikipedia). (21st Feb 2012). Siege Tower. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_tower. Last accessed 22nd Feb 2012. By Ben and Lev :P B Middle Ages The Ballista design was quite similar to a giant crossbow. It

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