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Ancient Rome

Transcript: 1.Rome overthrew their Etruscan King, Tarquin. They then become a Republic after overthrowing the Monarchy they were ruled under. The United States overthrew a tyrant named King George III. They also become a Republic after overthrowing the Monarchy. 2. Rome began to expand across Europe to build a bigger empire. They expanded for population growth, their economy, natural resources and military reasons. The U.S. expands from the 13 colonies westward for what they called Manifest Destiny. They do it for mostly the same reasons, to increase population, growth in economy, more land, and natural resources like gold. 3. After the Punic Wars, the Romans economy experiences a huge boom. After this rise, it plummets. America does the same exact thing after the Cold War. The 90’s were a prosperous time, having great economic success. After the 90’s, the economy fell into a huge recession that we are still in now. 4.We believe that the United States is going to turn into a monarchy in the near future. Our president and vice president will take all the power due to our economic crisis we’re enduring now. The people will be okay with it because the presidents will make us believe that they’ll be able to help us more than the entire government. We think this is going to happen because Caeser, Pompey and Crassus did they same thing. They took all the power when their empire was in a crisis and thought that giving them all the power was the only way out. They gave them hope like the presidents will give us. 5.Next, the country is going to undergo a civil war between the president and vice president. The people will side with the president, while the government will side with the vice president. The people are more comfortable with the president because they don’t really know the vice president, but the vice president works more with the former government. This will happen because both leaders won’t be able to equally share the power. Sharing all of that power will be too hard to do equally and both won’t be able to stay satisfied. Caeser and Pompey couldn’t share the power because they were both to greedy and unsatisfied, which is why our leaders won’t be able to either. 6. Our president will win because he has favor over the people. The people favor him and are on his side because they know him better and are more comfortable with him. While the vice president had favor over the government, he’ll fail to win because the president and the people will outnumber them and over power them as well. Caeser and Pompey showed the same pattern as we will. We know it will happen because we are so much like Rome and the pattern will lead to it. Caeser to them is like our president will be to us, and Pompey like the vice president. 7. Our president will bring in regular Americans to the govenrment. he's currently only holding educated, wealthy people. he will bring in average, normal Americans which will make all the other people mad. He'll do this because of his gratitude of their support and he's on the peoples side. Caeser also did the same thing after winning their civil war. 8. The U.S. will most likely break out in another civil war. The educated and wealthy Americans will be frustrated and the average people that didn't work hard got their positions in the government. We believe this will happen because the same thing happened when Caeser put Plebians and Barbarians in power. It will also happen because of how many people will be upset about it.

Ancient Rome

Transcript: Republic How Rome Began.Tradition holds that the seven hills were first occupied by small settlements and not grouped or recognized as a city called Rome. The denizens of the seven hills began to participate in a series of religious games, which started to bond the groups. The city of Rome, thus, came into being as these separate settlements acted as a group, draining the marshy valleys between them and turning them into markets and fora. Romulus and Remus are Rome's twin founders in its traditional foundation myth, although the former is sometimes said to be the sole founder. Establishment & Growth Senate Centuriate assembly Consul Praetor Censor Dictator Council of plebs Tribunes Empire Republic Declined &Empire Rose The phrase "crossing the Rubicon" has survived to refer to any individual or group committing itself irrevocably to a risky or revolutionary course of action Senate became too rich and powerful, aristocracy controlled the country Rome’s successful small farms were lost to large landowners = formed a new class of urban landless poor which caused economic and social unrest Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus = reform minded aristocrats who called for laws giving land of the aristocrats back to the poor Group of senators killed Tiberius and Gaius was later killed…..Discontent in Rome grew . Roman Culture Relates to the U.S.A Comparisons of Rome & the U.S.A - Both began by the aggressive annexation of nearby lands - Both were sole superpowers in the world - Both believed the Eagle symbolized their ideals - Both were known for decadence and over indulgence The Punic Wars. The main cause of the Punic Wars was the conflict of interests between the existing Carthaginian Empire and the expanding Roman Republic. Fall of the Carthaginian Empire. Rome gain full control of the Mediterranean Sea How Rome fell. economy, high taxes, waste of resources, internal conflict, weakened army, disease, trade deficit Romes Society The head of the household had great power over those living with him: He could force marriage and divorce, sell his children into slavery, claim his dependents' property as his own, and even had the right to punish or kill family members Language, Medicine, Religion, Politics, Art, Customs, Clothings, Games, Technology, & Literature. Roman Achievements

Ancient Rome!

Transcript: Life In Ancient Rome! ~Patricians.... noble and wealthy families. *The army was divided into legions and there were about 5,000 soldiers in each legion. *Women has a strong influence on Family and were well known if they married famous men. Denarius Vocab!! *They had some rights but weren't full citizens. Their freedom depended on her husbands wealth and standing. *Schools were usually one room and had about 12 students. * There were three-hundred seats in the Senate. Played Games Such As... *The senate leaders weren't elected by citizens, but were chosen by the consuls. 3 Roman Soldier ~Vault... curved ceiling ~Currency... a system of money ~Leapfrog, and tic-tac-toe.... boys often played with swords. *Less money came with less freedoms... they spent time helping their husbands and doing housework. they could only shop, visit friends, and go to temples or baths. *Roman soldiers could climb mountains, swim rivers, and penetrate forests... Paterfamilia... father of the family. Roman Children Bibliography!!! *Slaves had to do the farming, run businesses, work on public buildings, that all contributed to the wealth of Rome. *Boys got married when they were age 14, and girls got married at age 12. ~Satire... Poems that poke fun of human weeknesses. Advantages *Kids went to school until they were 11... some boys would stay in school, but girls went home to learn how to run the household. ~Gladiator... people who faught animals and each other. *In school they often read odes and satires. *It is an ancient roman coin (part of Rome's currency) made completely of silver. It was made from about 211 BC to 270 AD. Its value has decreased greatly. On the coin there is a picture elephant with a serpent. The coin was issued by Julius Caeser. Roman Government Official *The senate had leaders from the patricians. ~Ode...poems that express strong emotions about life. 2 *Teachers were often Greek slaves because Romans believed Greeks were smart. ~Rattles, scooters, jump rope, kites, dolls made from wax or clay, balls, board games, carted hitched to goats, ponies, and dogs. *Women were also gladiators. *Some women worked as hairdressers, priestesses,or doctors. *Being a soldier was hard and you were disciplined.. you had to march 20 miles per day with 80 pounds on their back. *Gladiator fights first started in Rome in 264B.C. People loved watching the fights and it became the favorite amusement held in the coliseum. http://www.roman-colosseum.info/roman-army-soldiers.html ~Forum...open space that was a market place in a public square. *On public buildings the slaves would actually have to do the constriction work to build the buildings. some buildings were public and some were private. In many of the buildings they had to contstruct vault ceilings. http://www.allabouthistory.org/ancient-roman-gladiators-faq.htm *The paterfamilia looked after the wife and controlled what she did. *The consuls controlled the army. *On farms they gathered foods and other things from the farms that cities depended on, the cities often sold the goods at the forum. *They built over 250,000 miles of roads. They also built many forts. Roman gladiators! *In Rome slaves were treated very good. They gave the slaves many privileges and comforts they needed which was very unlikely. Elections ! *Rome was a republic so the government officials were elected by citizens. *Many were criminals who lost their citizenship, some were also slaves and prisoners of war who had no rights. http://rome.mrdonn.org/senate.html http://www.richeast.org/htwm/Greeks/Romans/slavery/slavery2.html *It was such a courageous job, you received an honor that a soldier on a battle field may have received. Vocab!!!!! * They got paid a denarius per day. *You couldn't say whether or not you wanted to be a gladiator if you didn't have rights... however if you had rights you had the choice of being sworn into being a gladiator. *Children from wealthy families went to school. Poor families had children work. Roman Women http://www.mce.k12.net/ancient_rome/children.html *Consuls-members of the senate... were elected to serve for a one year term as a consul. * If you were chosen to be one of those leaders, you were part of the senate until you died. *They used wax tablets for learning. *At the businesses the slave would perform the service.. if it was a hair salon the salves would be the ones who cut the hair. They would also help manage the business. 1 *Those leaders were law makers and controlled spending. ~Legion... groups of soldiers that could quickly cut through enemy lines. *They also worked as blacksmiths and carpenters. *If you were a soldier in ancient Rome marriage was forbidden. http://coins.about.com/od/coinsglossary/g/denarius_define.htm Ancient Roman Slaves Kids Played With... *Gladiators were owned by an Ianista and trained in the Ianista's school. ~Republic... form of government in which citizens choose the people put in office. (no kings or queens). Ancient Civilization Text

Ancient Rome

Transcript: Shoes 1)toga: formal garment of a male citizen 2)stola: worn over a tunic, a long, full dress gathered up by a high belt with a colored border around the neck 3)soccus: a type of sock 4)palla: a long shawl made of wool for the outdoors 5)umbo: a projecting mass of folds in front of the body able to pulled up over the head to form a hood Hairstyles Waistlines Hemlines MEN children wore smaller versions of adult clothing toga (18 ft wide, 7ft deep), sometimes worn over tunic togas came in different varieties based on age , job, social class, etc. toga praexta-purple stripe, worn by magistrates and boys 15 & 16 years of age toga virilis-plain, worn by typical citizens over the ages of 15 & 16 toga picta-crimson toga, embroidered with gold, victorious generals and emporers toga candida-shiny glossy look given by rubbing chalk on the garment, worn by people running for public office toga pulla-natural black wool, worn at funerals CLIMATE: Rome was moderately warm. So they often wore short clothing. The Romans made use of layering when colder weather came along. RULERS/POLITICS: The politicians of the time tend to wear bright colored items along with their traditional togas. ECONOMY: Agragrian and slave based economy. Wealthier people didn’t have to deal with agricultural issues past how much money it was making them. While the working-class did, so they had to wear clothes that made it easy for them to tend to their fields. NEW INVENTIONS: Concrete, roman roads, roman arches, aqueducts, welfare for the poor?, soccus (socks), etc Fashion (continued) Complete Look Fashion in Relation To... Necklines Fashion Terms Ancient Rome WOMEN used to wear togas until it was deemed as attire for prostitutes wore tunics, married women wore a stola (long full dress gathered either by a high waist belt or at their shoulders witha brooch) over their tunics wore close fitting bonnets or hair nets palla-long shawl made of woolen goods for outdoor wear often dyed their hair, curling iron for ringlets. oils and tonics to increase growth and softeness, wore high up-do's of curls and plaits make up consisted of powdered chalk and white lead, asher and lees of wine for rouged lips and cheeks, eyelashes and brows blackened with ashes or powdered antimony a diadem of precious stones for the hair, earrings, at least one necklace, rings for her fingers, bracelets for her wrists, and circlets for her ankles Fashion Accessories and Jewelry Sleeves

Ancient Rome

Transcript: ANCIENT ROMAN FASHION :) Written By Haley and...... Jovilyn! Lorem! TOGA The toga was represented as a sign of peace so the soldiers wouldn't wear it. It was only worn by actual Roman citizens Each toga used up about nine yards of material to make it! It was very large, and an uncomfy piece of clothing. Inspired by Ancient Greece Gladiator Clothing! All Done Tunic/Tunica :) <-Purple border Childrens Clothing Hairstyles and Makeup STOLA It can be decorated. People who had more money would have it very detailed.

Ancient Rome. :)

Transcript: Ancient Rome Agrippina & Ancient Roman Roads and Latrines Agrippina Agrippina the younger was one of the strongest female personalities in Ancient Rome history. She was a Roman Empress, her reign lasting from 15-95 CE, when she married Emperor Claudius (10BC-54AD). The great-granddaughter of Augustus, also known as Octavian, the first emperor of the Roman Empire, she was one of the more prominent women in the Julio-Claudian dynasty. She was the mother of Nero, Emperor of Rome from 37 AD to 68 AD. Research Rumour has it that she even poisoned her husband so that Nero could take over and replace Emperor Claudius. She highly impacted on the decisions he made as emperor, being his mother, but soon enough, he was worried that she had gained too much power and decided that the best thing to do was to have her murdered. He tried to poison her three times and also tried to build a special collapsing boat to drown her, but she survived all this. Finally, he succeeded and had her stabbed to death. This comes to show how merciless and callous some people can be when power is at stake. Ancient Roman Baths and Latrines Roman baths were very unlike modern bathrooms, or even swimming pools. There was a lot to them, meeting places and an exercise yard, where people could play ball games and weight training. In ancient times, a Roman bathhouse was like a social, where friends could meet up, talk, laugh and play board games. Bathhouses varied enormously in size, reputation and hygiene; some were small, dark, seedy places, frequented by dubious characters. Even at the more respectable ones, with a very high standard reputation to uphold, there was always the risk of thieves stealing clothes and money. The greatest of all baths were those built by the Emperors of Ancient Rome. Those built by Emperor Caracalla in the early third century covered at least five acres! The baths of Diocletian were the most magnificent of all; fitting about 2000 people at a time, although it consumed large quantities of fuel to keep up the temperature. They were so massive; they took weeks to heat up. Assets map details Important Details The hygiene standards in Ancient Rome were generally high, including the famous public Roman baths, toilets, exfoliating cleansers, public facilities, and communal latrines. Communal Latrines Aggripina the Younger Ancient Roman Bathhouse Notes All of the above information has shown that the rise and fall of the Roman Empire was certainly a huge event in our World’s history. They created many spectacular and memorable establishments that will never be forgotten. Thank you for watching ! :D By Chelsea Hu 8Red Ms Geraghty. :) (cc) photo by Metro Centric on Flickr notes photos (cc) photo by Metro Centric on Flickr (cc) photo by jimmyharris on Flickr

Ancient Rome

Transcript: Ancient Rome Roman People Emperor Augustus made restrictions on marriage: Provincial officials were not allowed to marry the local women Soldiers were only allowed to marry in certain circumstances Marriages to close relatives were forbidden Unfaithful wives divorced by their husbands could not remarry Was an agreement between two families Men married in mid-twenties Women married in early teens Proper roman marriage could not take place unless bride and groom were granted Roman citizenship or special permission called “conubium” At one point, freed slaves were forbidden to marry citizens The father of the family had the tight whether to keep newborn babies. After birth, the midwife placed the baby on the ground : only if the father picked it up was it accepted formally into the family. If the decision went the other way, the baby was exposed ( deliberately abandoned outside) Usually happened to deformed babies, or when the father didn’t think they could support another child It was assumed that an abandoned baby would be picked up and taken a slave. Even accepted babies had a rocky start in life because not many lived As a result, the roman state gave legal rewards to women who had successfully given birth Fun Fact 1 Fun Fact 2 Citizens were not allowed to marry prostitutes or actresses Rich: Fun Fact 6 Wealth and property were well-known routes to social advancement for the select Only Emperor: purple toga Senators(could): white toga a broad purple stripe along the edge Equestrian(calvary): had a narrow purple stripe Senator The wedding is just a formality to prove the couple intended to live together, known as “affection maritalis” The groom would lead a procession to his bride’s family home, where the bride would be escorted by her bridesmaids to meet her new husband The bride would be wearing a tunica recta (a white woven tunic) belted with an elaborate “Knot of Hercules” Her hair would be arranged carefully and she would be wearing an orange veil and shoes After the marriage contract was signed there would be an enormous feast The day ended with a noisy procession to the couple's new home, where the bride was carried over threshold so she wouldn't trip — an especially bad omen. Emperor Augustus passed a reform in 18 BC that by the first century freed slaves were only prohibited from marrying senators Similarities: Divorce: Head of household was a man Wife looked after the household but the man controlled it He alone could own property He decided the fate of his children and who they would marry Romans visited baths after work each day Emperor Up to half of all children would die before the age of 10 Fun Fact 4 Divorce was common particularly in upper classes Fun Fact 3 To all citizens, the baths made them feel superior to the rest of the world – they made them feel Roman. After 3 babies (or four for former slaves), women were recognized as legally independent Fun Fact 7 Marriage had no legal force but was a personal agreement between the bride and the groom Social Order: Based on heredity, property, wealth, citizenship, and freedom Also based around men: women were defined by the social status of their fathers or husbands Classes were strictly defined, but there was a lot of interaction EX: slaves worked in the homes of upper classes Lived in the hot,noisy,smelly city Lived in shabby houses that could collapse or burn at any moment If times were hard, they might abandon newborn babies to the streets hoping someone take them in as a servant or slave Poor in wealth but strong in numbers Fun Fact 5 25% of babies in the first century AD did not survive their first year Marriage Traditions: Fun Fact 10 Just a declaration of a couple’s intent not to live together All the law required was that they declare their wish to divorce before seven witnesses. When she divorced, a wife could expect her dowry back in full and would return to patria potestas (protection of her father) If she was independent before marriage, she would regain her independence upon divorce A wife found guilty of adultery in a special court (quaestio) might sacrifice the return of half her dowry Patronage: Lived in beautiful houses often on hills outside Rome away from the noise and smell Enjoyed extravagant lifestyle with luxurious furnishings Had servants and slaves to cater their every desire Many held exclusive dinner parties and served their guests the exotic dishes of the day Marriage: Fun Fact 9 Members of the upper classes – the patroni – offered protection to freedmen or plebeians, who became their "cliens." Patronage might consist of money, food, or legal help. Traditionally, any freed slaves became the cliens of their former owner. In return, patroni received respect and political favors. On the frontiers of the empire, Roman generals served as patroni for the people they conquered. Roman provinces or cities often sought out an influential senator to act as patroni and oversee their interests in Rome. Social Order: Dress Fun

Ancient Rome

Transcript: During their battles, Rome trained their armies using swords and shields. They let strong and physically fit men joined the army. They have a way to earn some money and food if they are poor. Getting in was easy but getting out was difficult if you have to serve for 25 years. While during their training, the Roman army was known as the best army. They most fought on foot but later invented new weapons for their army. During the Roman Republic was the first government offical to be created in the Romans. Their three branches are similar to ours. The Senate, Assembly, and the Consul. However after many years it started to fail. The Senate was stealing money, the Assembly was not standing up for the people, and the Consul was attacking other parts of Rome. However a man named Julius Caesar changed the whole government. He created the Roman Empire which help out the people who are poor and has no land. After the fail of the Roman Republic, a man named Julius Caesar created a new one called, the Roman Empire. This made the three branches follow him instead each other. With this he did everything to rebuild Rome back together. He fed the poor who had no money, gave land to all the people, and rebuild the city to make it safer. When Rome had a government offical they decided to let rulers rule over Rome. They had every kinds of leaders, successful ones and failure, and even the cruel and the confusing. One was Octavian Augustus who took over as leader when Julius was stabbed to death. He created the Pax Romana which led Rome to 200 years of peace. A cruel leader named Nero who killed his mother and two wives, it was also rumored that he was laughing when Rome was burning. As Rome had many internal and external problems, it finally collapse when outsiders named Germanic tooked over half of Rome. Mostly of the government and bad leadership caused Rome to be weakened. After the fall of Rome, a man named Constantine split Rome in half. With the city of Rome on the west and a new city called Constantinople in the east. A new empire was also created in the east, which is called the Byzantine Empire. This city lasted more than 1000 years. While Rome was successful, they added something new to Romans. They built the Colosseum which is a arena, where gladiatiors fight each other. They built the Colosseum to entertain the people. In an arena, gladiatiors are actually slaves. Different kinds of armor and weapons are used in this battle. In a case they fight until one of them is dead. However sometimes its not a death win, if one of the fighter fought well against but failed, it is up to the audience or the king to decide if he gets to be alive or be dead. Assembly As Rome had help from the Etruscans, they built a powerful and strong army. While with their army, they fought many wars with their rivals and expanded to almost half of Europe. The Assembly was runned by the plebeians ( the normal people) who stands up for the other people and protects their rights. Senate Source: Social Studies study guide By Quang T. Expansion Assembly The Consuls are runned by the generals of the Roman armies and the one who and when to decide to have a war. They are the ones who mostly obeys the Senates. Colosseum The Fall of Rome Ancient Rome Consul Government Senate Julius Caesar While Rome had a successful army, a bitter rival was at stake, Carthage. Carthage's army was tough like ones of Rome. Both of them caused three long wars ahead. When Rome tried to secertly take Sicily, Carthage was already there. Unfortunatly for Rome, Carthage's boats were successful in water. However when Rome found one of their ships, they copy it to use it against Carthage. The second Punic War lead by Hannibal, a Carthage leader, attacked Rome to gets it revenge. Carthage arrived and destroyed Rome but Rome had a plan to secretly attack Carthages land while the army was fighting. Hannibal had no choice but to go back to his land and help his people. Later Carthage lost and loses their naval boats. The Third Punic war was the last of Carthage. Though they had no army, they still have a trading center. Rome didn't want Carthage to be rich so they burned Carthage to the ground finishing off Carthage forever. A change in government Consul Army The Senate was ruled by patricians (rich man) and is also the oldest and powerful. The Punic War Byzantine Empire Leaders

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